REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON Paix – Travail – Patrie MINISTERE DE L'AGRICULTURE ET DU DEVELOPPEMENT RURAL SECRETARIAT GÉNÉRAL DIRECTION DES ORGANISATIONS PROFESSIONNELLES AGRICOLES ET DE L'APPUI AUX EXPLOITATIONS AGRICOLES SOUS-DIRECTION DE LA VULGARISATION AGRICOLE
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REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON Peace-Work-Fatherland MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT SECRETARIAT GENERAL DEPARTMENT OF PROFESSIONNAL AGRICULTURAL ORGANISATIONS AND SUPPORT TO FARM ENTERPRISES SUB-DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
# WHEAT PRODUCTION AND POST-PRODUCTION DATA SHEET
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October 2024
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# CONTENT
OBJECTIVE... 3 I. GENERAL INFORMATION... 3 II. TECHNICAL ITINERARY... 3 II.1 SITE SELECTION... 3 II.2. SELECTION OF VARIETY... 3 II.3. SOWING... 4 a. Sowing period... 4 a. Spacing and type of sowing... 4 Dibbling... Erreur ! Signet non défini. Drilling... Erreur ! Signet non défini. Broadcast :... 5 b. Sowing depth... 5 II.4. FERTILISATION... 6 II.5. CROP MAINTENANCE... 6 II.6. DISEASE AND PEST CONTROL... 7 a. Fungal Diseases... 7 b. Insects... 7 II.7. HARVESTING AND POST-HARVEST ACTIVITIES... 8 II.8. PROCESSING WHEAT INTO FLOUR... 8 III. RISKS AND CONSTRAINTS... 10
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# OBJECTIVE
The aim of this guide is to increase the productivity and production of soft wheat in order to mitigate the effects of the food crisis and reduce imports by providing producers with an up-to-date compendium of good agricultural practices. It is a support tool for extension workers and rural agricultural advisors in terms of producers' capacity-building, and a reference document for farmers.
# I. GENERAL INFORMATION
Wheat (Triticum spp) is one of the most sought-after cereals in the world. It belongs to the Poaceae family and can be cultivated in all agro-ecological zones of Cameroon. The major wheat production basins include the Adamawa, North West, Far North, and West Regions of Cameroon. This cereal feeds more than 70% of the world's population. According to the National Institute of Statistics, the average annual wheat consumption in Cameroon is 33kg per capita. It is grown for its seeds, which are rich in starch (around 70%), protein (10-15%) and pentosans (8-10%). Wheat is extensively used in human food (58% for its flour, which is used to produce a wide variety of breads, biscuits, donuts, and cakes), for animal feed (34%), and for industrial purposes (8%). In Cameroon, farmers also use it to make porridge, fufu and traditional dishes.
# II. TECHNICAL ITINERARY
II.1 SITE SELECTION
Soft wheat grows on firm soil and preferably in fertile land (silt and clay soil), virgin land, or old fallow. Avoid continuous cultivation on the same plot, paying attention to previous crops (avoid cassava or any other soil-depleting plants) or on barren land (soil with a white colour due to salt). It is preferable to choose un-shaded plots.
II.2. SELECTION OF VARIETY
The choice of variety must take account of the agro-ecological zone, climate, altitude, life cycle (which varies between 90 and 120 days) and yields.
!img-2.jpeg Dorsal and ventral view of a wheat seed
!img-3.jpeg 1.8 cm